Herpes simplex virus

From ArticleWorld

Most people have been exposed to the herpes simplex virus by the time they are 50 years old. For most, it is an asymptomatic condition, and only a third of those that have the virus will be subjected to the recurrent cold sores characteristic of the condition.

HSV-1 and HSV-2 are the two most common types of the virus, the former mostly affecting the face, usually the lips, and the latter affecting mostly the genitals. Infection is usually indicated by fluid-filled blisters but vary according to the individual. The first outbreak of herpes is generally more painful and symptoms are like those of the flu. Subsequently, outbreaks may occur up to five times a year.

Causes of outbreaks

Herpes is contracted through skin contact and the virus can be transmitted even when blisters or other symptoms are not evident. In fact, it has been estimated that between 50%-80% of new HSV-2 cases have been contracted through asymptomatic viral shedding. After the initial infection has cleared, further outbreaks are caused by stress, sun exposure, a viral infection or even menstruation. Fatigue can also play a part.

Prevention

There is no cure for herpes. While the immune system is able to destroy the active virus particles, the virus has the ability to hide in a latent state, waiting for the right conditions to re-surface. In order to prevent catching herpes, a condom is recommended as useful when having sex with an affected partner, but it is by no means fool-proof as some blisters may not be covered by the condom.

In the case of genital herpes, women are more susceptible that men and in one estimate, as many as 50% of women in the US will be affected by herpes by the year 2025.